Abdominal surgery and proctology
What is Abdominal Surgery and proctology?
Abdominal surgery is a specialisation focusing on operations in the abdominal cavity, such as on the stomach, liver, intestines and gallbladder but also in the pelvis as on the pelvic floor. Modern techniques such as laparoscopy are often used for a precise and less invasive approach.
The surgical procedures are performed at CHU Brugmann, Horta site, Laeken.
Explanation of some pathologies
Haemorrhoids
The typical symptoms of haemorrhoids are:
- Anal itching
- Blood loss after defecation
- Anal pain
- Anal swelling
Often, a local treatment is sufficient to reduce symptoms. However, if the hemorrhoids are very swollen or cause significant symptoms, surgical removal of the hemorrhoids may be necessary. This treatment is performed under spinal or general anesthesia.

Anal fistula
An anal fistula is an abnormal tubular connection that forms between the anal cavity and the skin around the anus. It is usually caused by inflammation of an anal gland on the inside of the anus. When such a gland becomes clogged and infected, a fistula may develop as a result of the formation of an abscess that breaks out through the surrounding tissues.
The surgical treatment of an anal fistula depends on the location and severity of the fistula. This treatment is performed under spinal or general anesthesia.
The most commonly used techniques are :
- Laying open the fistula tract. This technique is used for superficial fistulas.
- Drainage of the fistula tract with a seton. This operation requires a follow-up surgery where the seton is removed, and the fistula tract is laid open. This technique is used if the fistula is deeper and there is a risk of cutting too much of the anal sphincter.
Abdominal Wall Hernias
Abdominal wall hernias occur when weak spots or openings develop in the abdominal wall, allowing organs or tissues to protrude through these openings. This can lead to a visible swelling or lump under the skin. Abdominal wall hernias can occur in various locations, such as the groin, thigh, or around the navel.
These weak spots in the abdominal wall can be congenital or develop due to factors such as heavy lifting, obesity, pregnancy, or a previous surgery. Symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and may include a palpable lump, pain, or tenderness at the site of the hernia.
Surgical procedures are often performed to repair abdominal wall hernias and prevent complications. During the operation, a reinforcing material is usually used to close the weak spot and restore the normal structure of the abdominal wall.

Diverticulosis
Diverticulosis is a condition where small pouch-like protrusions or sacs, known as diverticula, form in the wall of the large intestine. These diverticula usually develop in the last part of the large intestine (left side of the abdomen). Diverticulosis itself typically does not cause symptoms and is often discovered incidentally during an examination, such as a colonoscopy.
In some cases, diverticula can become inflamed, leading to a condition called diverticulitis. Diverticulitis can be accompanied by symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and bowel movement issues. Severe cases of diverticulitis may require hospitalization and treatment.
The treatment of diverticulosis and diverticulitis can vary and often includes dietary measures, medication, and in some cases, surgery may be necessary, especially in cases of complications such as perforation or abscess formation. It is important to seek medical advice for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Functional Pelvic Problems
Functional pelvic problems refer to various discomforts in the pelvic area that are not directly related to physical abnormalities but rather to issues with the functioning of pelvic organs and muscles. This can lead to symptoms such as chronic pain, difficulty controlling the bladder or bowels, and prolapses.
Treating these problems often requires collaboration between different specialists, including gynecologists, urologists, and physiotherapists. Depending on the situation, the approach can vary, and both non-surgical and surgical solutions may be considered. It is important to consult a doctor to determine the most appropriate approach for specific symptoms.